Reconstructive surgery is yet not successful in the regeneration of volumetric muscle loss (VML). The defect geometry is patient dependent which limits the reliability of many common methods. 3D bioprinting, as a new emerging technology, can circumvent many of the current challenges. Biomedical engineers at the UConn School of Dental Medicine have recently developed a handheld 3D bioprinter that is capable of 3D in situ printing of adhesive bioinks for the treatment of VML. This bioprinter, developed by Dr. Ali Tamayol, facilitates the rapid yet precise filling of complex skeletal muscle tissue defect using a rage of bioinks
