Japanese researchers have developed a stress-free and media-direct-dispensing inkjet bioprinter that exhibited cell-friendly dispensing performance, which was similar to the manual dispensing operation, based not only on cell viability but also on gene expression levels.

reference:

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-64193-z

Yumoto M, Hemmi N, Sato N, Kawashima Y, Arikawa K, Ide K, Hosokawa M, Seo M, Takeyama H. Evaluation of the effects of cell-dispensing using an inkjet-based bioprinter on cell integrity by RNA-seq analysis. Scientific Reports. 2020 Apr 28;10(1):1-0.